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Wholesale Adidas
Adidas AG FWB: ADS, ADR:Pink Sheets: ADDYY) is a German sports
apparel manufacturer and parent company of the Adidas Group,
which consists of the Reebok sportswear company, golf company
(including Ashworth), and Rockport. Besides sports footwear, the
company also produces other products such as bags, shirts,
watches, eyewear and other sports and clothing-related goods.
The company is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe and
the second biggest sportswear manufacturer in the world, after
its American rival Nike.
Adidas was founded in 1948 by Adolf "Adi" Dassler, following the
split of Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik between him and his older
brother, Rudolf. Rudolf later established Puma, which was the
early rival of Adidas. Registered in 1949, Adidas is currently
based in Herzogenaurach, Germany, along with Puma.
The company's clothing and shoe designs typically feature three
parallel bars, and the same motif is incorporated into Adidas's
current official logo. The "Three Stripes" were bought from the
Finnish sport company Karhu Sports in the 1951. The company
revenue for 2009 was listed at €10.38 billion and the 2008
figure at €10.80 billion.
Adolf "Adi" Dassler started to produce his own sports shoes in
his mother's wash kitchen in Herzogenaurach, Bavaria, after his
return from World War I. In 1924, his brother Rudolf "Rudi"
Dassler joined the business which became Gebrüder Dassler
Schuhfabrik (Dassler Brothers Shoe Factory) and prospered. The
pair started the venture in their mother's laundry,[6]:5 but at
the time, electricity supplies in the town were unreliable, and
the brothers sometimes had to use pedal power from a stationary
bicycle to run their equipment.
By the 1936 Summer Olympics, Adi Dassler drove from Bavaria on
one of the world's first motorways to the Olympic village with a
suitcase full of spikes and persuaded U.S. sprinter Jesse Owens
to use them, the first sponsorship for an African American.
Following Owens's haul of four gold medals, his success cemented
the good reputation of Dassler shoes among the world's most
famous sportsmen. Letters from around the world landed on the
brothers' desks, and the trainers of other national teams were
all interested in their shoes. Business boomed and the Dasslers
were selling 200,000 pairs of shoes each year before World War
II.
Late in World War II, the shoe factory shifted to production of
the Panzerschreck anti-tank weapon.
Both brothers joined the Nazi Party, but Rudolf was slightly
closer to the party. During the war, a growing rift between the
pair reached a breaking point after an Allied bomb attack in
1943 when Adi and his wife climbed into a bomb shelter that
Rudolf and his family were already in: "The dirty bastards are
back again," Adi said, apparently referring to the Allied war
planes, but Rudolf was convinced his brother meant him and his
family. After Rudolf was later picked up by American soldiers
and accused of being a member of the Waffen SS, he was convinced
that his brother had turned him in.
The brothers split up in 1947, with
After a period of trouble following the death of Adolf Dassler's
son Horst Dassler in 1987, the company was bought in 1989 by
French industrialist Bernard Tapie, for ?1.6 billion (now
€243.918 million), which Tapie borrowed. Tapie was at the time a
famous specialist of rescuing bankrupt companies, an expertise
on which he built his fortune.
Tapie decided to move production offshore to Asia. He also hired
Madonna for promotion. He sent, from Christchurch, New Zealand,
a shoe sales representative to Germany and met Adolf Dassler's
descendants (Amelia Randall Dassler and Bella Beck Dassler) and
was sent back with a few items to promote the company there.
In 1992, unable to pay the loan interest, Tapie mandated the Cré
dit Lyonnais bank to sell Adidas, and the bank subsequently
converted the outstanding debt owed into equity of the
enterprise, which was unusual as per the prevalent French
banking practice. Apparently, the state-owned bank had tried to
get Tapie out of dire financial straits as a personal favour to
Tapie, reportedly because Tapie was Minister of Urban Affairs
(ministre de la Ville) in the French government at the time.
In February 1993, Crédit Lyonnais sold Adidas to Robert Louis-
Dreyfus, a friend of Bernard Tapie for a much higher amount of
money than what Tapie owed, 4.485 billion (€683.514 million)
francs rather than 2.85 billion (€434.479 million). Tapie later
sued the bank, because he felt "spoiled" by the indirect sale.
[citation needed]
Robert Louis-Dreyfus became the new CEO of the company. He was
also the president of Olympique de Marseille, a team Tapie had
owned until 1993.[citation needed]
Tapie filed for personal bankruptcy in 1994. He was the object
of several lawsuits, notably related to match fixing at the
football club. During 1997, he served 6 months of an 18-month
prison sentence in La Santé prison in Paris. In 2005, French
courts awarded Tapie a €135 million compensation (about 886
million francs).[citation needed]
In 1994, combined with FIFA Youth Group, SOS Children's Villages
became the main beneficiary.
In 1997, Adidas AG acquired the Salomon Group who specialized in
ski wear, and its official corporate name was changed to Adidas
-Salomon AG because with this acquisition Adidas also acquired
the Taylormade Golf company and Maxfli which allowed them to
compete with Nike Golf.
In 1998, Adidas sued the NCAA over their rules limiting the size
and number of commercial logos on team uniforms and apparel.
Adidas withdrew the suit, and the two groups established
guidelines as to what three-stripe designs would be considered
uses of the Adidas trademark.
In 2003, Adidas filed a lawsuit in a British court challenging
Fitness World Trading's use of a two-stripe motif similar to
Adidas's three stripes. The court ruled that despite the
simplicity of the mark, Fitness World 's use was infringing
because the public could establish a link between that use and
Adidas's mark.
In September 2004, top English fashion designer Stella McCartney
launched a joint-venture line with Adidas, establishing a long-
term partnership with the corporation. This line is a sports
performance collection for women called "Adidas by Stella
McCartney", and it has been critically acclaimed.
Also in 2005, on 3 May, Adidas told the public that they sold
their partner company Salomon Group for €485m to Amer Sports of
Finland.
Wikinews has related news: German Adidas buys American Reebok
In August 2005, Adidas declared its intention to buy British
rival Reebok for $3.8 billion (US). This takeover was completed
with partnership in January 2006[1] and meant that the company
will have business sales closer to those of Nike in North
America. The acquisition of Reebok will also allow Adidas to
compete with Nike worldwide as the number two athletic shoemaker
in the world.
Adidas has global corporate headquarters in Germany, and many
other business locations around the world such as Portland OR,
Hong Kong, Toronto, Taiwan, England, Japan, Australia and Spain.
Mainly sold in the U.S., Adidas makes lots of assets from these
countries and is expanding to more oversea countries.
In 2005, Adidas introduced the Adidas 1, the first ever
production shoe to utilize a microprocessor. Dubbed by the
company "The World's First Intelligent Shoe", it features a
microprocessor capable of performing 5 million calculations per
second that automatically adjusts the shoe's level of cushioning
to suit its environment. The shoe requires a small, user-
replaceable battery that lasts for approximately 100 hours of
running. On 25 November 2005, Adidas released a new version of
the Adidas 1 with an increased range of cushioning, allowing the
shoe to become softer or firmer, and a new motor with 153
percent more torque.[citation needed]
On 11 April 2006, Adidas announced an 11-year deal to become the
official NBA apparel provider. They will make NBA, NBDL, and
WNBA jerseys and products as well as team-coloured versions of
the "Superstar" basketball shoe. This deal (worth over $400
million) takes the place of the previous 10-year Reebok deal
that was put in place in 2001.
In 1994, combined with FIFA Youth Group, SOS Children's Villages
became the main beneficiary.
In 1997, Adidas AG acquired the Salomon Group who specialized in
ski wear, and its official corporate name was changed to Adidas
-Salomon AG because with this acquisition Adidas also acquired
the Taylormade Golf company and Maxfli which allowed them to
compete with Nike Golf.
In 1998, Adidas sued the NCAA over their rules limiting the size
and number of commercial logos on team uniforms and apparel.
Adidas withdrew the suit, and the two groups established
guidelines as to what three-stripe designs would be considered
uses of the Adidas trademark.
In 2003, Adidas filed a lawsuit in a British court challenging
Fitness World Trading's use of a two-stripe motif similar to
Adidas's three stripes. The court ruled that despite the
simplicity of the mark, Fitness World 's use was infringing
because the public could establish a link between that use and
Adidas's mark.
In September 2004, top English fashion designer Stella McCartney
launched a joint-venture line with Adidas, establishing a long-
term partnership with the corporation. This line is a sports
performance collection for women called "Adidas by Stella
McCartney", and it has been critically acclaimed.
Also in 2005, on 3 May, Adidas told the public that they sold
their partner company Salomon Group for €485m to Amer Sports of
Finland.
Wikinews has related news: German Adidas buys American Reebok
In August 2005, Adidas declared its intention to buy British
rival Reebok for $3.8 billion (US). This takeover was completed
with partnership in January 2006[1] and meant that the company
will have business sales closer to those of Nike in North
America. The acquisition of Reebok will also allow Adidas to
compete with Nike worldwide as the number two athletic shoemaker
in the world.
Adidas has global corporate headquarters in Germany, and many
other business locations around the world such as Portland OR,
Hong Kong, Toronto, Taiwan, England, Japan, Australia and Spain.
Mainly sold in the U.S., Adidas makes lots of assets from these
countries and is expanding to more oversea countries.
In 2005, Adidas introduced the Adidas 1, the first ever
production shoe to utilize a microprocessor. Dubbed by the
company "The World's First Intelligent Shoe", it features a
microprocessor capable of performing 5 million calculations per
second that automatically adjusts the shoe's level of cushioning
to suit its environment. The shoe requires a small, user-
replaceable battery that lasts for approximately 100 hours of
running. On 25 November 2005, Adidas released a new version of
the Adidas 1 with an increased range of cushioning, allowing the
shoe to become softer or firmer, and a new motor with 153
percent more torque.[citation needed]
On 11 April 2006, Adidas announced an 11-year deal to become the
official NBA apparel provider. They will make NBA, NBDL, and
WNBA jerseys and products as well as team-coloured versions of
the "Superstar" basketball shoe. This deal (worth over $400
million) takes the place of the previous 10-year Reebok deal
that was put in place in 2001.
Adidas currently manufactures several running shoes, including
the adiStar Control 5, the adiStar Ride (the replacement for the
adiStar Cushion 6), the Supernova Sequence (the replacement for
the Supernova Control 10), and the Supernova Cushion 7 (which
will soon be replaced by the Supernova Glide), among others. In
addition, their performance apparel is widely used by runners.
Adidas also uses kangaroo leather to make their more expensive
shoes.
One of the main focuses of Adidas is football kit and associated
equipment. Adidas also provides apparel and equipment for all
teams in Major League Soccer. Adidas remain a major company in
the supply of team kits for international football teams.
Adidas also makes referee kits that are used in international
competition and by many countries and leagues in the world. In
the United States, referees wear the Adidas kits in MLS matches
even though the primary referee supplier is Official Sports. The
company has been an innovator in the area of footwear for the
sport with notable examples including development of the Copa
Mundial moulded boot used for matches on firm dry pitches for
almost forty years. The studded equivalent was named World Cup
follow in celebration of the 1978 tournament won by Argentina,
one of the nations it supplied at the time. Some of the most
famous football teams are currently sponsored by Adidas.
Adidas became renowned for advancing the Predator boot design
developed by ex-Liverpool and Australian international player
Craig Johnston. This design featured a ribbed rubber structure
for the upper leather of the shoe, used to accent the movement
of the ball when struck; highly skilled players claimed they
were able to curve the flight of the ball more easily when
wearing this new contoured design.[citation needed]The Predator
also features the Craig Johnston-invented Traxion sole.
FIFA, the world governing body of football, commissioned
specially designed footballs for use in its own World Cup
tournaments to favour more attacking play. The balls supplied
for the 2006 World Cup, the Teamgeist, were particular
noteworthy for their ability to travel further than previous
types when struck, leading to longer range goal strikes that
were intended to increase the number of goals scored.
Goalkeepers were believed to be less comfortable with the
design, claiming it would move significantly and unpredictably
in flight.
Adidas also introduced another new ball for the 2010 World Cup.
The Jabulani ball was designed and developed by Loughborugh
University in conjunction with Chelsea FC. It received much
criticism from players, managers and pundits for being too hard
to control. The lighter and more aerodynamic ball led to many
shots and passes being over hit. The Jabulani was widely blamed
for the low numbers of long range goals or even remotely
accurate attempts in the opening stage of the tournament.
As well as the aforementioned Predator boot, adidas also
manufacture the F50 and adiPure range of football boots.
Adidas has sponsored tennis players and recently introduced a
new line of tennis racquets. While the Feather is made for the
"regular player", and the Response for the "club player", Adidas
targets the "tournament player" with the 12.2 oz Barricade tour
model. Adidas sponsors the following professional players with
mainly clothing apparel and footwear: Ana Ivanovi?, Andy Murray,
Maria Kirilenko, Caroline Wozniacki, Justine Henin, Jo-Wilfried
Tsonga, Dinara Safina, Daniela Hantuchová, Alicia Molik,
Fernando Verdasco, Gilles Simon, Fernando González, Flavia
Pennetta, Laura Robson, Melanie Oudin, and Sorana C?rstea.
Adidas tennis apparel contains the ClimaCool technology found in
other athletic jerseys and shoes.
In November 2009 World Number 4 Andy Murray was confirmed as
Adidas's highest paid star with a 5 year contract reported to be
worth $24.5m.
Players sponsored by Adidas can take advantage of the Adidas
Player Improvement Program, where the company provides coaches,
fitness trainers and sports psychologists to players in order to
further their careers. The program includes legendary coaches
such as Darren Cahill and Sven Groeneveld.
In Cincinnati, at the ATP Tennis Tournament in Mason, they have
also sponsored the ball-boy and ball-girl uniforms.
In 1997, Adidas AG acquired the Salomon Group who specialized in
alpine ski wear, and its official corporate name was changed to
adidas-Salomon AG because with this acquisition Adidas also
acquired the TaylorMade Golf company and Maxfli, which allowed
them to compete with Nike Golf. Salomon sold its controlling
interest in TaylorMade and its other sports equipment companies
to global giant Adidas AG.
In 1998, Adidas Golf USA moved its business operations from
Tualatin, Oregon, to the Carlsbad, California headquarters of
TaylorMade Golf, acquired by adidas-Salomon. adidasGolf USA had
30 employees to relocate. Carlsbad is also the headquarters of
one of its primary competitors, Callaway Golf Company.
In 1999, TaylorMade and AdidasGolf USA, were merged into a new
company—called TaylorMade-Adidas Golf—with world headquarters
in Carlsbad. Mark King was named president of the company he had
begun his career with in 1981 as a sales representative after a
short stint as vice president of sales and marketing at Callaway
Golf Ball Co. in 1998.
In November 2008, Ashworth (clothing) became a wholly-owned
subsidiary of TaylorMade-Adidas Golf, complementary to the
synthetic performance fabrics of Adidas Golf.
In the 1990s, Adidas signed the famous Indian batsman Sachin
Tendulkar and made shoes for him. Tendulkar continues to wear
Adidas shoes while playing matches. Adidas even made action
figures after Sachin Tendulkar.
In 2008, Adidas made their move into English cricket market by
sponsoring English batting star Kevin Pietersen after the
cancellation of his lifetime deal with Woodworm, when they ran
into financial difficulties. The following year they signed up
fellow England player Ian Bell, Pakistan player Salman Butt and
Indian Player Ravindra Jadeja. Having made cricket footwear for
many years, the company finally entered the field of bat
manufacture in 2008 and their products are available in the
Incurza, Pellara and Libro ranges.
Adidas also manufactures the uniforms worn by both the England
cricket team and the Australian cricket team. Adidas signed
partnership with Cricket South Africa in 2011 and the uniforms
worn by South African Cricket Team during and after Cricket
World Cup 2011 will be manufactured by Adidas.[23] They also
sponsored the South Korea national cricket team.
In the Indian Premier League (IPL), Adidas are the official
apparel sponsor for the teams Mumbai Indians, Delhi Daredevils
and Pune Warriors.
From 2009, Adidas also sponsor the Bat used by Sachin Tendulkar.
It created a new bat 'Adidas Master Blaster' personalized for
him.
Adidas has been a longtime basketball shoe manufacturer and is
one of the leading basketball brands in the world. They are most
famous for their iconic Superstar and Pro Model shoes,
affectionately known as "shelltoes" for their stylized hard
rubber toe box. These were made very popular in the 1980s hip
hop streetwear scene alongside Adidas' stripe-sided polyester
suits.
Adidas is also the current outfitter of all 30 franchises in the
National Basketball Association (replacing the Reebok brand
after the merger) and sponsors numerous players past and present
like Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Tracy McGrady, as well as Dwight
Howard, Chauncey Billups, Derrick Rose, Eric Gordon, Michael
Beasley, Josh Smith and Tim Duncan. Adidas used to endorse Kobe
Bryant with the Adidas Equipment KB8 as his first signature
shoe, and stopped endorsing him in 2003. The company also
endorsed Kevin Garnett, until he opted out of his contract in
2010; he is currently endorsing Anta. Lebron James also wore
Adidas at high school. Now he endorses Nike to date. Gilbert
Arenas was an Adidas endorser until the now-infamous gun
incident last season; he is currently un-endorsed.
Adidas, like other sports brands, is believed to engender high
consumer brand loyalty. Brand loyalty towards Adidas, Nike,
Inc., Puma AG and several other sportswear brands was examined
in a recent study. The study found consumers did not exhibit
unduly high loyalty towards such brands.
During the mid to late 1990s, Adidas divided the brand into
three main groups with each a separate focus: Adidas Performance
was designed to maintain their devotion to the athlete; Adidas
Originals was designed to focus on fashion and life-style; and
Style Essentials, with the main group within this one being Y-3.
"Impossible is Nothing" is the current mainstream marketing
slogan for Adidas. This campaign was developed by 180/TBWA based
in Amsterdam but also with significant work being done by
TBWA/Chiat/Day in San Francisco – particularly for its
basketball campaign "Believe In Five".TBWA\Chiat\Day
commissioned Zane Peach to produce images for 2007 international
ad campaign.
Adidas is a major domestic (within Germany) and international
sports and events sponsor. During the last number of years, the
Group has increased its marketing and sponsorship budget.[30]
Adidas is a key sponsor and supplier to the National Basketball
Association (NBA). The company recently unveiled a new NBA game
jersey to be worn by all NBA players in games beginning in the
2010–2011 season.
Adidas are the main sponsor and kit supplier of the highly
successful New Zealand national rugby team, the All Blacks.
Adidas also are the kit supplier to the Los Pumas, the Eagles,
the Irish professional rugby union team, Munster Rugby and the
French professional rugby union club, Stade Fran?ais.
Adidas also sponsors and produces apparel for the rugby league
club Gold Coast Titans in the Australian National Rugby League
(NRL) competition.
In cricket, the company are the main and kit sponsors sponsors
of the successful Australian Cricket Team and the England
Cricket Team. They are also the main sponsors of the Indian
cricketers Sachin Tendulkar and Virender Sehwag and English
cricketers Kevin Pietersen and Ian Bell. They are sponsors of
the Indian Premier League teams Delhi Daredevils and Mumbai
Indians.
Adidas is the longstanding kit provider to the Germany national
football team, a sponsorship that began in 1954 and is
contracted to continue until at least 2018. Adidas also sponsors
the Argentine, Japanese, Mexican, Scottish and Spanish national
football teams, among others.
Adidas are very active at sponsoring top football clubs such as
R.S.C. Anderlecht, Rapid Vienna, Real Madrid, , AC Milan, Dynamo
Kyiv, Metalist, Partizan Belgrade, Chelsea, Liverpool ,
Palmeiras , Fluminense , Bayern Munich, , Stoke City F.C., Lyon,
Marseille, AFC Ajax, Schalke 04, Galatasaray, Benfica, River
Plate, Be?ikta?, Fenerbah?e, UANL Tigres, Panathinaikos, South
Melbourne FC, IFK G?teborg, Al-Ahly, Al-Hilal, Ahli Jeddah,
Caracas, Universidad de Chile, Los Millonarios, Selangor, Beitar
Jerusalem F.C.Albirex Niigata and Atlético Nacional.
Adidas is the apparel partner of the Collingwood Football Club
and the Essendon Football Club in the Australian Football
League.
Adidas and Major League Soccer (MLS) announced a 8-year
sponsorship agreement in August 2010 that will continue to make
Adidas the official athletic sponsor and licensed product
supplier for the league, and to work together to expand the
developmental league for MLS through 2018.
Adidas also sponsors events such as the London Marathon.
In the 1980s, Adidas sponsored rap group Run-D.M.C.,
abreakthrough idea.
For the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, Adidas spent €70
million sponsoring the event, amid criticisms.
Adidas has also been marketing in NASCAR, sponsoring big name
drivers such as Dale Earnhardt, Jr. and Tony Stewart.
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